{"id":11161,"date":"2015-03-18T15:09:42","date_gmt":"2015-03-18T20:09:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/?p=11161"},"modified":"2015-03-18T15:09:42","modified_gmt":"2015-03-18T20:09:42","slug":"jails-lack-resources-to-care-for-heroin-addicts-experts-say","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/jails-lack-resources-to-care-for-heroin-addicts-experts-say\/","title":{"rendered":"Jails lack resources to care for heroin addicts, experts say"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>By Dani Anguiano<\/p>\n<p>Sonja Radtke, 30, a recovering heroin addict, says experiencing heroin withdrawal feels a lot like going through hell, but it is much worse in jail where treatment is limited.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cLike, I throw up blood and have seizures when I get sick, but [jail staff] really don\u2019t do anything,\u201d Radtke said of her withdrawal experience while incarcerated in an Illinois jail.<\/p>\n<p>Similarly, Chenel Jones said the pain that she experienced while withdrawing from heroin was so intense that she became delusional.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBecause it\u2019s hell,\u201d Jones said. \u201cI just asked God to take my life. I had gave up \u2013 it\u2019s so painful and it\u2019s so sickening.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The jails where Radtke and Jones experienced withdrawal are among the more than 5,000 jails and prisons across the United States, many of which lack the resources to provide treatment for heroin withdrawal and detoxification. The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncchc.org\/opioid-treatment-programs-accreditation\" target=\"_blank\">National Commission on Correctional Health Care <\/a>says methadone-based treatment is highly effective for opiate addiction, but only a handful of facilities have a methadone program, such as Rikers Island\u2019s Key Extended Entry Program. Heroin use has reportedly skyrocketed across the country in recent years leaving more and more facilities ill-equipped to offer treatment.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Neither Radtke nor Jones received methadone treatment while incarcerated.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s Tylenol and Tums for about a week and Pepto if it\u2019s real bad,\u201d Radtke said.<\/p>\n<p>According to Dr. Kevin Fiscella, with the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.asam.org\" target=\"_blank\">American Society of Addiction Medicine<\/a>, the form of treatment Radtke received isn\u2019t really treatment at all.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf symptom treatment is just giving someone a Tylenol every 12 hours, are you really treating them? Probably not,\u201d said Fiscella, who is also with the National Commission on Correctional Health Care<\/p>\n<p>There are three primary medications used to treat withdrawal and detoxification from opioids: methadone, Suboxone and Clonidine.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cProbably more than half [of correctional facilities] use Clonidine, and other programs just give symptomatic treatment,\u201d Fiscella said.<\/p>\n<p>Jones said she received treatment for withdrawal symptoms in Cook County Jail for a short time. According to Jones, heroin withdrawal in the jail has reached \u201cepidemic\u201d proportions and as a result the jail has started offering more treatment.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cIt\u2019s hell. I just asked God to take my life. I had gave up \u2013 it\u2019s so painful and it\u2019s so sickening.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Chenel Jones, former inmate at Cook County Jail<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u201cA couple people had died, so they give you a shot now when you come because withdrawal is so bad and it\u2019s like overwhelming in the jails,\u201d Jones said, adding that treatment is key to ending addiction and keeping addicts out of jail. \u201cBut after three days they don\u2019t give you anything.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Cook County Jail did not offer comment on the matter.<\/p>\n<p>Methadone is widely hailed as an effective method for treating heroin withdrawal and ending addiction over time. Rikers Island\u2019s Key Extended Entry Program, or KEEP, was the first methadone treatment program in a correctional facility. The program has been successful in transferring inmates to outside treatment upon release and ultimately reducing recidivism rates among that population. A handful of similar programs have developed across the country.<\/p>\n<p>Fiscella said at a minimum correctional facilities should have some sort of intake system to monitor the health risks of withdrawal and because symptoms of withdrawal can mask symptoms of other serious conditions.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI think a best practice involves some sort of initial triage, some means of identifying everyone who comes in upon entry, some sort of screening that will quickly identify the people at risk, and the people that are at risk need to be assessed by medical and nursing staff,\u201d Fiscella said.<\/p>\n<p>He added that correctional facilities throughout the United States lack resources and are consistently underfunded, which hinders the implementation of new systems of treatment.<\/p>\n<p>Fiscella said: \u201dThere are more people with mental illness in jails than psychiatric hospitals and jails are flooded with people who have mental health issues, substance abuse issues. Jails and correctional facilities are really challenged to figure out how to meet these needs.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>According to Kathleen Kane-Willis, president of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.roosevelt.edu\/icdp\" target=\"_blank\">Illinois Consortium on Drug Policy at Roosevelt University<\/a>, jails are unable to provide treatment because many drug users don\u2019t belong there in the first place.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI think the staff in jails are really trying to provide the best care and they\u2019re overwhelmed,\u201d Kane-Willis said. \u201cThey\u2019re not supposed to be treatment centers because they\u2019re not supposed to be flooded with people with psychiatric and substance abuse disorders.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"Heroin Story Mixdown by MedillReports\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https:\/\/w.soundcloud.com\/player\/?visual=true&#038;url=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.soundcloud.com%2Ftracks%2F196529999&#038;show_artwork=true&#038;maxwidth=800&#038;maxheight=1000&#038;dnt=1\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<div id=\"featurecaption\">Kathleen Kane-Willis, president of the Illinois Consortium on Drug Policy at Roosevelt University, discusses the rise of heroin use throughout Illinois.(Dani Anguiano\/Medill)<\/div>\n<p>Heroin abuse is reportedly on the rise in Illinois and across the country. According to a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/preview\/mmwrhtml\/mm6339a1.htm\" target=\"_blank\">report<\/a> from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, from 2009-2012 there was a 74 percent increase in the number of heroin users.<\/p>\n<p>Fiscella said that treatment is key in correctional facilities, but it is also needed before people get to that point.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s really important that we need to break this costly cycle of addiction because otherwise we have this epidemic of huge numbers,\u201d Fiscella said. \u201cLots of people dying, and lots of people coming into the criminal justice system and we need treatment to interrupt this costly cycle, otherwise everyone will be hurt.\u201d<\/p>\n<div id=\"featurecaption\">Photo at top: Heroin use and overdoses are on the rise in Illinois and across the country. As a result, jails and prisons are increasingly being populated by inmates who are experiencing heroin withdrawal. Most facilities lack the resources and programs to assist inmates through the detoxification process.(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/luigipics\/401770711\/in\/photolist-Bvbre-oUr1AV-cjYC-aapteD-2UPVT6-qWXFFP-i2HxDx-6iTh2W-7erAbi-bGM5fa-8ZAbj1-kr9nu8-R9F1i-5qYUdi-94kc7-5ZKy8T-at71U9-oiotE-5EVDd-8hbbe-j7xi5p-fwR4PM-qupgLq-dKNFED-4z6cwT-87WFSV-5UZtuo-6Pvwkd-4xKLM9-qjKKPE-6bTG4i-7RMdqV-aztk45-dLZ1SR-4ANcZL-KAyGi-c8cQLh-EiLNe-NEu2w-qPuWVQ-gVmgT-64buPn-4qJ4Sk-bVxUhQ-dqGkJK-o9ecU5-fPesxZ-61oMu7-4qPDQe-p8hnDC\" target=\"_blank\">Luigi Caterino<\/a>\/<a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\" target=\"_blank\">Creative Commons<\/a>)<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Dani Anguiano Sonja Radtke, 30, a recovering heroin addict, says experiencing heroin withdrawal feels a lot like going through hell, but it is much worse in jail where treatment is limited. \u201cLike, I throw up blood and have seizures when I get sick, but [jail staff] really don\u2019t do anything,\u201d Radtke said of her [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":120,"featured_media":11256,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,29,30,243],"tags":[192],"class_list":["post-11161","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general-interest","category-health-and-science","category-public-affairs","category-winter-2015","tag-promo"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.6 - 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