{"id":15685,"date":"2015-05-27T15:21:20","date_gmt":"2015-05-27T20:21:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/?p=15685"},"modified":"2015-06-11T09:07:55","modified_gmt":"2015-06-11T14:07:55","slug":"video-northwesterns-scientist-uses-bakers-yeast-to-create-a-laboratory-in-a-bottle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/video-northwesterns-scientist-uses-bakers-yeast-to-create-a-laboratory-in-a-bottle\/","title":{"rendered":"Video: Northwestern\u2019s scientist uses baker\u2019s yeast to create a laboratory in a bottle"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>By\u00a0Angela Barnes<\/p>\n<p>A compact, affordable device to diagnose how well your kidneys function is under development at Northwestern University.<\/p>\n<p>Adebola Adeniran, a third year Ph.D. candidate in the department of Chemical and Biological Engineering is creating this laboratory in a bottle using yeast, the simple ingredient we usually knead into bread dough. This yeast will help detect chronic kidney disease, especially in underdeveloped areas with limited medical facilities.<\/p>\n<p>Adeniran said she hopes people eventually could use the device themselves.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"Northwestern&amp;rsquo;s scientist creates laboratory in a bottle\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/129014107?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Welcome to the world of synthetic biology.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe overall goal of synthetic biology is to take biological organisms that traditionally do one thing in nature and force them to do things that we want them to,\u201d said Adeniran. \u201cFor example, for my project I\u2019m trying to turn yeast into a diagnostic device.\u201d<\/p>\n<h1>How does it work?<\/h1>\n<p>Adeniran says she and her research team are turning yeast cells, which are living organisms, into a medical diagnostic tool by forcing them to detect molecules\u00a0 that will indicate if a person has kidney disease.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;My colleagues and I are hijacking these sensory pathways to instead detect biomarkers for different diseases,&#8221; she said.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBecause we know how yeast responds when they detect molecules in their environment,\u201d said Adeniran. \u201cWe can then have the yeast change colors when they\u2019ve detected a molecule that can tell you if you have a disease or not.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>But why are these yeast cells so important? \u00a0According to Adeniran, the yeast cells have receptors (sensors) that can detect cystatin (protein) found in the urine. Cystatin levels are an indication of how well the kidneys are functioning.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_15713\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15713\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2015\/05\/Yeast-in-bottleRESZE1.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-15713 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2015\/05\/Yeast-in-bottleRESZE1-300x183.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"183\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2015\/05\/Yeast-in-bottleRESZE1-300x183.jpg 300w, https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2015\/05\/Yeast-in-bottleRESZE1-1024x624.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2015\/05\/Yeast-in-bottleRESZE1.jpg 1069w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-15713\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yeast cells in a bottle fluoresce when detecting too much protein. (Angela Barnes\/Medill)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u201cSo the worse your kidneys get, the more cystatin accumulates in your blood and urine,\u201d Adeniran said. \u201cYeast cells that change color, we know are detecting cystatin.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>In other words, when the yeast cell is detecting too much protein the cell fluoresces and changes from its normal brown color to a green color.<\/p>\n<h1>Normal kidney function<\/h1>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Normal kidneys act like a filter. They remove toxins, excess fluid and proteins, such as cystatin, from the body. Too much protein indicates kidney failure. When there\u2019s a build-up of these proteins in the kidneys it may cause weakness, shortness of breath, lethargy and confusion, according to the National Kidney Foundation.<\/p>\n<p>If this scientific language sounds a bit convoluted\u2014it is. But according to the National Kidney Foundation, one in three American adults are at risk for having kidney disease. The risk is even higher for people in underdeveloped countries. In addition, Adeniran says that kidney failure may lead to other health problems.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cChronic kidney failure is linked to increased risk of cardiovascular failure,\u201d said Adeniran. \u201cIt\u2019s one of the leading causes of death in resource-poor areas.\u201d<\/p>\n<h1>Early beginnings<\/h1>\n<p>Growing up in Maryland, Adeniran knew she wanted to one day help provide access to affordable health care to those in need. While watching a televised fundraiser at 8 years old, Adeniran watched children in grave desolation, stricken with poverty and health challenges.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI was actually seeing kids my age and I couldn\u2019t understand why they were sick or why they didn\u2019t have access to health care,\u201d Adeniran said. \u201cSo that always stuck with me. I always wanted to work in health care in some aspect.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Adeniran comes from a family of health care professionals: her older sister is a bioengineer who works with stem cells, one cousin is a doctor and another is a pharmacist.<\/p>\n<h1>Long-term goal<\/h1>\n<p>The 26-year-old scientist is passionate about the yeast diagnostic device, which she hopes will give people the power to monitor their kidney functions over time. The monitoring would give them a good indication of their overall health, she said. The goal would be to reduce the number of patients suffering from kidney disease.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cChronic kidney disease affects about 10 percent of the population in developed countries and even more in resource-poor countries,\u201d Adeniran added.<\/p>\n<p>Jennifer Greene, a third-year student in the Ph.D. Chemical and Biological Engineering program, said Adeniran\u2019s yeast project would help doctors detect diseases in their patients.<\/p>\n<p>Greene said it\u2019s not just about discovery, but a broader goal for global health.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI think it\u2019s really cool,\u201d Greene said. \u201cShe has a long-term goal of making an affordable diagnostic out of yeast to use as a resource in poor areas.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe idea is that if you build the device cheaply enough people could either monitor their kidney health at home so they can take the test every one or two weeks and it won\u2019t be an expensive test,\u201d Adeniran added.<\/p>\n<p>Although the technology is still in the early stages, Adeniran ultimately wants her product to allow people to take a role and ownership in their own health care. She hopes to have the project completed by her expected graduation date in May 2017.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI think I\u2019ll be able to get a yeast cell that can detect the biomarker before I graduate,\u201d she said. \u201c I don\u2019t know if I\u2019ll actually be able to build the prototype by then.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Adeniran says after graduation she will focus more on a prototype. \u201cMy colleagues and I do want to start a startup company so we can commercialize this device and get it into the field.\u201d<\/p>\n<div id=\"featurecaption\">Photo at top: Northwestern Ph.D. student Adebola Adeniran uses yeast in a bottle to detect kidney disease. (Angela Barnes\/Medill)<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By\u00a0Angela Barnes A compact, affordable device to diagnose how well your kidneys function is under development at Northwestern University. Adebola Adeniran, a third year Ph.D. candidate in the department of Chemical and Biological Engineering is creating this laboratory in a bottle using yeast, the simple ingredient we usually knead into bread dough. This yeast will [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":144,"featured_media":15715,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[452,29,436],"tags":[192],"class_list":["post-15685","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-beyond-chicago","category-health-and-science","category-spring-2015","tag-promo"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Video: Northwestern\u2019s scientist uses baker\u2019s yeast to create a laboratory in a bottle - Medill Reports Chicago<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/video-northwesterns-scientist-uses-bakers-yeast-to-create-a-laboratory-in-a-bottle\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Video: Northwestern\u2019s scientist uses baker\u2019s yeast to create a laboratory in a bottle - Medill Reports Chicago\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By\u00a0Angela Barnes A compact, affordable device to diagnose how well your kidneys function is under development at Northwestern University. 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Adebola Adeniran, a third year Ph.D. candidate in the department of Chemical and Biological Engineering is creating this laboratory in a bottle using yeast, the simple ingredient we usually knead into bread dough. 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