{"id":44191,"date":"2016-10-17T15:18:38","date_gmt":"2016-10-17T20:18:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/?p=44191"},"modified":"2016-10-17T15:19:40","modified_gmt":"2016-10-17T20:19:40","slug":"fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\/","title":{"rendered":"Fighting the Digital Caliphate: The war against the keyboard jihadis"},"content":{"rendered":"

By Shahzeb Ahmed<\/strong><\/p>\n

The video starts with two hands raised in prayer. Soon, the hands are preparing a bomb. The man appears to don the prepared bomb inside a suicide vest. The next frame features scenes from New York City.<\/p>\n

This is an Islamic State message shared on multiple social media platforms and further transmitted by mainstream media outlets.
\nIt is what, experts say, makes ISIS most fearsome \u2013 and effective.<\/p>\n


\nFormed three years ago, the Islamic State seems to be the largest terror organization in the world, infamous as much for its voracious appetite for gory violence as well as for its slick publicity of horrific crimes.<\/p>\n

What has propelled ISIS’\u00a0 threat so quickly worldwide, when other terror organizations such as Al Qaeda have been around for longer and have roots across the globe?<\/p>\n

The answer, experts explain, lies in the ISIS\u2019s mastery of modern digital tools.<\/p>\n

Over the last few years, it has proved fluent in a variety of platforms such as YouTube, Twitter, Instagram, Tumblr and other social media, turning the west\u2019s own inventions against it. In fact, ISIS has a dedicated media wing, with personnel monitoring and updating its social media presence while transmitting propaganda videos and text messages across the world.<\/p>\n

These are then further disseminated by ordinary users as well as the mainstream media, eager to showcase images of a conflict to which they have little to no access.<\/p>\n

It was exactly these tactics that transformed the ISIS into a worldwide phenomenon \u2013 something Al Qaeda\u2019s dull videos of Osama bin Laden\u2019s lectures largely failed to achieve.<\/p>\n

Through these platforms, ISIS has managed to cultivate an image of grandiosity \u2013 deriving power from its ability to inspire fear that is well out of proportion to the threat it actually poses.<\/p>\n

\u201cWhat many people fail to realize is that around 80 percent to 85 percent of all the content they [ISIS] create is in Arabic,\u201d said Richard Stengel, the Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs at the U.S. State Department, adding that the second most popular language is Russian with English only in the third place.<\/p>\n

\u201cThey\u2019re not focused on us or the American homeland, but they have been successful in frightening us and making us believe that we are the focus,\u201d he said at a recent session exploring the digital reaches of ISIS.<\/p>\n

Stengel speaks from experience, having been at the forefront of the digital war as the U.S. tries to dissuade ISIS recruits on social media, while attempting to project a positive image of the U.S.\u00a0 in foreign lands. The longest-serving Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy, he describes his role as the \u201cchief marketing officer for Brand U.S.A\u201d.<\/p>\n

He spoke of his experience at a session titled \u201cTerrorism and Propaganda in the Digital Age,\u201d hosted by the Chicago Council on Global Affairs recently. James Warren, the chief media writer at the Poynter Institute, joined him as the duo conversed about the State Department\u2019s endeavors in combating terror on the digital landscape.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe other kind of misnomer is that they [ISIS] are just doing beheadings and graphic violence,\u201d said Stengel. \u201cThe lion\u2019s share of their content is positive: come to the caliphate. They had pictures of children on Ferris wheels and fruits and that is what 70 percent of their messaging was: it was this altruistic call, which is why it was so effective,\u201d he explained.<\/p>\n

The U.S. has now grasped that countering this type of messaging through rebuttals and social media posts was not only ineffective, it was actually counter-productive.<\/p>\n

\u201cWhat we realized was that fighting social media fire by social media fire was a non-starter, particularly when that fire comes from the federal government,\u201d said Stengel.<\/p>\n

In 2010, under then Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, a new entity was formed at the State Department, called the Center for Strategic Counterterrorism and Communications. The aim was to counter Al Qaeda propaganda on social media. In March\u00a0 the center was transformed into the Global Engagement Center by an executive order signed by President Obama.<\/p>\n

\u201cA tweet from the Under Secretary of the State Department to a young man in Belgium who is thinking of going to fight in Iraq and Syria is not going to dissuade him,\u201d he reasoned. \u201cIn fact, what we realized is that with the tit-for-tat we were doing, they [ISIS] were using us as a recruitment tool, having the exact opposite of what we were attempting.\u201d
\nThe GEC has changed its tactics. It now aims to amplify \u201ccredible, third-party voices who actually have some skin in the game: Muslim voices,\u201d according to Stengel.<\/p>\n

Today, one of the main tasks of the center is to collaborate with organizations working to combat ISIS from across the world and to amplify their voices to reach a larger audience. These include think tanks, mainstream Muslim organizations and religious scholars who have denounced ISIS and its terror tactics. \u201cPeople have realized that this [ISIS propaganda] is an existential threat to Islam and they must mobilize and get the true values of Islam to others,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n

Of late, ISIS’ presence on social media has diminished by almost 70 to 80 percent along with huge losses in territory in Iraq and Syria. Stengel attributed these successes to military action on the ground and stricter enforcement by social media platforms such as Twitter and YouTube to mute ISIS propaganda as well as the work done by the GEC.<\/p>\n

But the threat is far from over, he warned. Though the ISIS presence on open public forums may have diminished, the terror group has moved to closed groups on encrypted platforms such as Telegram to reach a targeted audience.<\/p>\n

\u201cA lot of these ISIS fanboys have left Twitter and moved to some of the encrypted platforms such as Whatsapp or Telegram or Signal where they are reaching out to individuals,\u201d he explained. \u201cThat\u2019s the scary part, because it gives rise to the lone actors\u2019 phenomenon that we\u2019ve seen in the domestic space, in Orlando, in San Bernardino.\u201d<\/p>\n

With this shift, the challenge too has changed, Stengel believed.<\/p>\n

It is no longer about quieting ISIS\u2019 glossy propaganda; instead, law enforcement must find a way to deal with the targeted outreach that has inspired recent terror incidents in the West. “That is a another scale problem, a finer problem. It’s about how do you deal with this kind of threat from a law enforcement standpoint and even a mental health standpoint,” he said.<\/p>\n

Photo at top: State Department Under Secretary for Public Affairs and Public Diplomacy Richard Stengel in conversation with Poynter Institute chief media writer James Warren at the Chicago Council for Global Affairs on Friday.(Shahzeb Ahmed\/MEDILL)<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

By Shahzeb Ahmed The video starts with two hands raised in prayer. Soon, the hands are preparing a bomb. The man appears to don the prepared bomb inside a suicide vest. The next frame features scenes from New York City. This is an Islamic State message shared on multiple social media platforms and further transmitted […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":324,"featured_media":44193,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2941,2951],"tags":[2048,3101,3100,3097,3103,3102,3098,3099],"class_list":["post-44191","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fall-2016","category-politicsnational-security","tag-chicago-council-on-global-affairs","tag-digital-terrorism","tag-global-terrorism","tag-isis-propaganda","tag-islamic-state","tag-online-extremism","tag-richard-stengel","tag-under-secretary-of-state-richard-stengel"],"yoast_head":"\nFighting the Digital Caliphate: The war against the keyboard jihadis - Medill Reports Chicago<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Fighting the Digital Caliphate: The war against the keyboard jihadis - Medill Reports Chicago\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By Shahzeb Ahmed The video starts with two hands raised in prayer. Soon, the hands are preparing a bomb. The man appears to don the prepared bomb inside a suicide vest. The next frame features scenes from New York City. This is an Islamic State message shared on multiple social media platforms and further transmitted […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Medill Reports Chicago\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-10-17T20:18:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2016-10-17T20:19:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/medill.wordpress.offload\/WP%20Media%20Folder%20-%20medill-reports-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/10\/ShahCouncilFinal.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1100\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"511\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"shahzebhashim2017\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"shahzebhashim2017\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"shahzebhashim2017\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/f1be5694486d351155d9c4baa91f38ae\"},\"headline\":\"Fighting the Digital Caliphate: The war against the keyboard jihadis\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-10-17T20:18:38+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2016-10-17T20:19:40+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1128,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/s3.amazonaws.com\\\/medill.wordpress.offload\\\/WP%20Media%20Folder%20-%20medill-reports-chicago\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/3\\\/2016\\\/10\\\/ShahCouncilFinal.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Chicago Council on Global Affairs\",\"Digital terrorism\",\"Global terrorism\",\"ISIS propaganda\",\"Islamic State\",\"online extremism\",\"Richard Stengel\",\"Under Secretary of State Richard Stengel\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Fall 2016\",\"Politics\\\/National Security\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\\\/\",\"name\":\"Fighting the Digital Caliphate: The war against the keyboard jihadis - Medill Reports Chicago\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/s3.amazonaws.com\\\/medill.wordpress.offload\\\/WP%20Media%20Folder%20-%20medill-reports-chicago\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/3\\\/2016\\\/10\\\/ShahCouncilFinal.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-10-17T20:18:38+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2016-10-17T20:19:40+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/f1be5694486d351155d9c4baa91f38ae\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/s3.amazonaws.com\\\/medill.wordpress.offload\\\/WP%20Media%20Folder%20-%20medill-reports-chicago\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/3\\\/2016\\\/10\\\/ShahCouncilFinal.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/s3.amazonaws.com\\\/medill.wordpress.offload\\\/WP%20Media%20Folder%20-%20medill-reports-chicago\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/3\\\/2016\\\/10\\\/ShahCouncilFinal.jpg\",\"width\":1100,\"height\":511},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Fighting the Digital Caliphate: The war against the keyboard jihadis\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/\",\"name\":\"Medill Reports Chicago\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/f1be5694486d351155d9c4baa91f38ae\",\"name\":\"shahzebhashim2017\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/8b2c65dd6a4d95b90c9e712fb0f7c1760e5bc82c681899e1d1e592a8d4e50ee6?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/8b2c65dd6a4d95b90c9e712fb0f7c1760e5bc82c681899e1d1e592a8d4e50ee6?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/8b2c65dd6a4d95b90c9e712fb0f7c1760e5bc82c681899e1d1e592a8d4e50ee6?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"shahzebhashim2017\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/author\\\/shahzebhashim2017\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Fighting the Digital Caliphate: The war against the keyboard jihadis - Medill Reports Chicago","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Fighting the Digital Caliphate: The war against the keyboard jihadis - Medill Reports Chicago","og_description":"By Shahzeb Ahmed The video starts with two hands raised in prayer. Soon, the hands are preparing a bomb. The man appears to don the prepared bomb inside a suicide vest. The next frame features scenes from New York City. This is an Islamic State message shared on multiple social media platforms and further transmitted […]","og_url":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\/","og_site_name":"Medill Reports Chicago","article_published_time":"2016-10-17T20:18:38+00:00","article_modified_time":"2016-10-17T20:19:40+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1100,"height":511,"url":"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/medill.wordpress.offload\/WP%20Media%20Folder%20-%20medill-reports-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/10\/ShahCouncilFinal.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"shahzebhashim2017","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"shahzebhashim2017","Est. reading time":"6 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\/"},"author":{"name":"shahzebhashim2017","@id":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/#\/schema\/person\/f1be5694486d351155d9c4baa91f38ae"},"headline":"Fighting the Digital Caliphate: The war against the keyboard jihadis","datePublished":"2016-10-17T20:18:38+00:00","dateModified":"2016-10-17T20:19:40+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\/"},"wordCount":1128,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/medill.wordpress.offload\/WP%20Media%20Folder%20-%20medill-reports-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/10\/ShahCouncilFinal.jpg","keywords":["Chicago Council on Global Affairs","Digital terrorism","Global terrorism","ISIS propaganda","Islamic State","online extremism","Richard Stengel","Under Secretary of State Richard Stengel"],"articleSection":["Fall 2016","Politics\/National Security"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\/","url":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\/","name":"Fighting the Digital Caliphate: The war against the keyboard jihadis - Medill Reports Chicago","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/medill.wordpress.offload\/WP%20Media%20Folder%20-%20medill-reports-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/10\/ShahCouncilFinal.jpg","datePublished":"2016-10-17T20:18:38+00:00","dateModified":"2016-10-17T20:19:40+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/#\/schema\/person\/f1be5694486d351155d9c4baa91f38ae"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/medill.wordpress.offload\/WP%20Media%20Folder%20-%20medill-reports-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/10\/ShahCouncilFinal.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/medill.wordpress.offload\/WP%20Media%20Folder%20-%20medill-reports-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2016\/10\/ShahCouncilFinal.jpg","width":1100,"height":511},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/fighting-the-digital-caliphate-the-war-against-the-keyboard-jihadis\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Fighting the Digital Caliphate: The war against the keyboard jihadis"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/#website","url":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/","name":"Medill Reports Chicago","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/#\/schema\/person\/f1be5694486d351155d9c4baa91f38ae","name":"shahzebhashim2017","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8b2c65dd6a4d95b90c9e712fb0f7c1760e5bc82c681899e1d1e592a8d4e50ee6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8b2c65dd6a4d95b90c9e712fb0f7c1760e5bc82c681899e1d1e592a8d4e50ee6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8b2c65dd6a4d95b90c9e712fb0f7c1760e5bc82c681899e1d1e592a8d4e50ee6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"shahzebhashim2017"},"url":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/author\/shahzebhashim2017\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44191","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/324"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44191"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44191\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/44193"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44191"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44191"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44191"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}