{"id":5252,"date":"2015-02-04T16:44:32","date_gmt":"2015-02-04T22:44:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/?p=5252"},"modified":"2015-02-04T16:56:40","modified_gmt":"2015-02-04T22:56:40","slug":"smartphones-can-cut-your-kids-sleep-layer-on-the-pounds","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/smartphones-can-cut-your-kids-sleep-layer-on-the-pounds\/","title":{"rendered":"Smartphones can cut your kid\u2019s sleep, layer on the pounds"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>By Priyam Vora<\/p>\n<p>Sleepy kids may have a hard time hitting the basketball court or\u00a0focusing on their homework. And the source of their problems may radiate from the digital world of\u00a0their smartphones!<\/p>\n<p>Researchers from <a title=\"Brigham and Women's Hospital\" href=\"http:\/\/m.brighamandwomens.org\/home\/\" target=\"_blank\">Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital <\/a>in Boston recently reported that the \u201cblue light\u201d glow from using smartphones and other electronic devices too close to bedtime can make it difficult to fall asleep.\u00a0 But the\u00a0same study shows\u00a0that this lack of sleep in kids can result in increasing risks of obesity during\u00a0 adolescence.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Watching a favorite show on the iPad, checking email, playing games, or responding to a text message in bed at the end of the day before sleeping may seem harmless. However,\u00a0these habits can start in early childhood and\u00a0sleep disruption patterns can have long-term harmful effects on a child\u2019s health, sleep experts agreed.<\/p>\n<p>With these habits,\u00a0the foundations for obesity might already have been laid for your young one.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt should not be surprising that a sleepy kid may feel more motivated to lay on the couch than he would be to go outside and play,\u201d said Dr. Chris Winter, Medical Director of <a title=\"Charlottesville Neurology and Sleep Medicine\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cvilleneuroandsleep.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Charlottesville Neurology and Sleep Medicine<\/a>, who was not associated with the study.<\/p>\n<h1>THE \u201cBLUE LIGHT\u201d EXPLAINED<\/h1>\n<p>During the<a title=\"The Research and its Conclusions\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/112\/4\/1232.full.pdf+html\" target=\"_blank\"> two-week study<\/a>, 12 adults participants with an average age of 25, were asked to read on an iPad for four hours before bed for five consecutive days, a process that was repeated with printed books. For some, the order was reversed: they started with printed books and moved on to iPads.<\/p>\n<p>Researchers found that the iPad readers took longer to fall asleep and felt less sleepy at night compared to paper book readers. The iPad readers were also more tired than book readers the following day, even if both got a full eight hours of sleep.<\/p>\n<div id=\"related\">\n<h1>How much should your child sleep?<\/h1>\n<ul>\n<ul>\n<li>0 &#8211; 3 months: At least 14 hours<\/li>\n<li>4 \u2013 11 months: At least 12 hours<\/li>\n<li>1 \u2013 5 years: At least 11 hours<\/li>\n<li>6 \u2013 13 years: At least 9 hours<\/li>\n<li>14 \u2013 17 years: At least 8 hours<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>(Source: <a href=\"http:\/\/sleepfoundation.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">The National Sleep Foundation<\/a>)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>The study researchers also surveyed 2,048 fourth- and seventh-grade students, who\u00a0answered questions about their sleep and smartphone and TV habits.\u00a0The survey found that\u00a0children\u00a0with electronic devices in their bedrooms slept an average of 20.6 minutes less at night than those who slept away from the devices. Additionally, children who slept watching TV, typically slept 18 minutes less than those who didn\u2019t. In general, the survey concluded that children who spent a lot of time watching TV or playing videogames on their devices close to bedtime, reported they slept less.<\/p>\n<p>The research demonstrated that the \u201cblue light\u201d emitted from electronic devices such as the iPad, Kindle or any smartphone has an effect on\u00a0sleep cycles. The <a title=\"Press Release from Brigham and Women's Hospital\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brighamandwomens.org\/about_bwh\/publicaffairs\/news\/pressreleases\/PressRelease.aspx?sub=0&amp;PageID=1962\" target=\"_blank\">findings<\/a> of the study are published in the <a title=\"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pnas.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe blue spectrum light that projects from such screens sends a message to the brain to stop secreting melatonin,\u201d explained Dr. Lisa Medalie, a behavioral sleep medicine specialist at the<a title=\"The University of Chicago Sleep Disorders Center\" href=\"http:\/\/www.uchospitals.edu\/specialties\/pulmonary\/sleep-disorders\/\" target=\"_blank\"> University of Chicago<\/a>. \u201cIf we expose ourselves to such light leading up to bedtime, clearly that would interfere with our sleep,\u201d said Medalle, who wasn&#8217;t associated with the study.<\/p>\n<p>Melatonin is the sleep pattern hormone secreted by the pineal gland, a small gland located near the center of the brain.\u00a0 A reduction in melatonin at night is directly linked to subjective levels of sleepiness, according to the experts.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cExposure to this blue light at night can delay your sleep phase and result in greater difficulty to falling asleep,\u201d said Dr. Rakesh Bhattacharjee, an assistant professor of pediatrics at the <a title=\"The University of Chicago Department of Pediatrics\" href=\"http:\/\/pediatrics.uchicago.edu\/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">University of Chicago<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h1>LOSE SLEEP, GAIN WEIGHT<\/h1>\n<p>\u201cExposure to the blue light results in sleep restrictions or sleep debt,\u201d said Robin James, a polysomnography technologist at <a title=\"Ohio Sleep Society\" href=\"http:\/\/ohiosleepsociety.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">Ohio Sleep Society<\/a>. \u201cThis sleep loss, in turn, contributes to weight gain and obesity.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Studies have shown that when a person is sleep deprived, there is less production of leptin and more production of ghrelin resulting in weight gain. Leptin, known as the \u201csatiety hormone,\u201d plays a crucial role in appetite and weight control by signaling the body to stop eating. The effect of ghrelin is opposite to that of leptin. Known as the \u201chunger hormone,\u201d ghrelin is the hormone which signals the body to eat.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cExcessive sleepiness and disturbed sleep directly affects children\u2019s baseline metabolic rate, making them burn less calories,\u201d said Winter.<\/p>\n<p>The relationship between lack of sleep and weight gain is a strong one, borne out in a variety of studies over the years. Studies have repeatedly shown that both adults and children are more likely to be overweight and obese the less they sleep at night. When children are sleep deprived, they crave foods that are highest in calories, like desserts, chocolate, potato chips and soft drinks.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cNot only does a sleep deprived body want to eat,\u201d James said, \u201cbut it craves higher caloric foods since the body burns more calories than a sleeping one.\u201d<\/p>\n<h1>THE SOLUTION DOESN\u2019T GET ANY EASIER<\/h1>\n<p>The negative effects of sleep deprivation are serious for adults as well as children. Apart from obesity, consistently sleeping less than seven hours in a 24-hour period has been associated with increased risks of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, depression, automobile and workplace accidents, learning and memory problems and an overall increase in mortality.<\/p>\n<p>With<a title=\"American Heart Association-Obesity\" href=\"http:\/\/www.heart.org\/HEARTORG\/GettingHealthy\/HealthierKids\/ChildhoodObesity\/Overweight-in-Children_UCM_304054_Article.jsp\" target=\"_blank\"> obese kids<\/a> already a leading health concern among parents, one of the solutions may be as simple as not allowing children to use their electronic gadgets close to bedtime.<\/p>\n<p>Experts suggest a relaxing pre-sleep ritual as a close alternative for kids to fall asleep. While \u201cwinding down\u201d activities such as a hot bath, soft music or reading a paperback book would make an excellent sleep ritual, specialists also recommend regular exercise during the day for a good night sleep.<\/p>\n<p>In order to form good sleep habits,\u00a0doctors also suggest a complete ban on any kind of screen activities whether it is reading, playing or simply viewing.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThis is a matter of sleep hygiene and not medication,\u201d said Bhattacharjee.<\/p>\n<p>Winter agrees. \u201cTurn off that phone and go to sleep!\u201d<\/p>\n<h1>Sleep unplugged<\/h1>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5295\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5295\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2015\/02\/Sleep-Unplugged-Picture-Box-1.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5295\" src=\"http:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2015\/02\/Sleep-Unplugged-Picture-Box-1.jpg\" alt=\"(Flickr\/Susana Fernandez)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/medill.wordpress.offload\/WP%20Media%20Folder%20-%20medill-reports-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2015\/02\/Sleep-Unplugged-Picture-Box-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/medill.wordpress.offload\/WP%20Media%20Folder%20-%20medill-reports-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2015\/02\/Sleep-Unplugged-Picture-Box-1-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5295\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/susivinh\/\" target=\"_blank\">Susana Fernandez<\/a>\/<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">Creative Commons<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Advice from sleep experts<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Unwind:<\/strong> Have a 15 to 30 minutes transition period of technology-free time before your kid goes to sleep.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Shut down:<\/strong> Make your child\u2019s bed an electronic-free zone.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Disconnect your kids:<\/strong> Take the TV out of your child\u2019s bedroom. Offer children\u00a0a relaxing book to read before bed instead of the remote.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Temperature and lighting:<\/strong> Shutting down the lights and setting a comfortable temperature signals the body the right messages.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1>What lack of sleep does to you<\/h1>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5296\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5296\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2015\/02\/Sleepy-Kids-Picture-Box-2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5296\" src=\"http:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2015\/02\/Sleepy-Kids-Picture-Box-2.jpg\" alt=\"(Flickr\/Bryan Ledgard)\" width=\"640\" height=\"428\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2015\/02\/Sleepy-Kids-Picture-Box-2.jpg 640w, https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2015\/02\/Sleepy-Kids-Picture-Box-2-300x201.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5296\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/ledgard\/\" target=\"_blank\">Bryan Ledgard<\/a>\/<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">Creative Commons<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The negative effects may not be visible immediately but lack of sleep in childhood can lead to serious consequences in\u00a0adolescence<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sleepiness causes accidents<\/li>\n<li>Sleep loss dumbs you down<\/li>\n<li>Sleep deprivation causes serious heart problems<\/li>\n<li>Lack of sleep leads to depression<\/li>\n<li>Sleep debt ages your skin<\/li>\n<li>Sleepiness makes you forgetful<\/li>\n<li>Lose sleep. Gain weight.<\/li>\n<li>Lack of sleep may increase the risk of death<br \/>\n<em>(<a title=\"Quoted from WebMD\" href=\"http:\/\/www.webmd.com\/sleep-disorders\/excessive-sleepiness-10\/10-results-sleep-loss\">Quoted from\u00a0Web MD<\/a>)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"featurecaption\">Photo at top: Studies show that children reading from an electronic device before bedtime suffer from lack of sleep which in turn leads to obesity in their later years. (Christopher Walljasper\/Medill)<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Priyam Vora Sleepy kids may have a hard time hitting the basketball court or\u00a0focusing on their homework. And the source of their problems may radiate from the digital world of\u00a0their smartphones! Researchers from Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital in Boston recently reported that the \u201cblue light\u201d glow from using smartphones and other electronic devices too [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":62,"featured_media":5319,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,243],"tags":[192],"class_list":["post-5252","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health-and-science","category-winter-2015","tag-promo"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Smartphones can cut your kid\u2019s sleep, layer on the pounds - Medill Reports Chicago<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/smartphones-can-cut-your-kids-sleep-layer-on-the-pounds\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Smartphones can cut your kid\u2019s sleep, layer on the pounds - Medill Reports Chicago\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By Priyam Vora Sleepy kids may have a hard time hitting the basketball court or\u00a0focusing on their homework. And the source of their problems may radiate from the digital world of\u00a0their smartphones! Researchers from Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital in Boston recently reported that the \u201cblue light\u201d glow from using smartphones and other electronic devices too [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/smartphones-can-cut-your-kids-sleep-layer-on-the-pounds\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Medill Reports Chicago\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-02-04T22:44:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-02-04T22:56:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/medill.wordpress.offload\/WP%20Media%20Folder%20-%20medill-reports-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2015\/02\/SLEEP1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1100\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"772\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"priyamvora\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"priyamvora\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/smartphones-can-cut-your-kids-sleep-layer-on-the-pounds\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/smartphones-can-cut-your-kids-sleep-layer-on-the-pounds\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"priyamvora\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/5b45652d36a2b76da4473588b39e9548\"},\"headline\":\"Smartphones can cut your kid\u2019s sleep, layer on the pounds\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-02-04T22:44:32+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-02-04T22:56:40+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/smartphones-can-cut-your-kids-sleep-layer-on-the-pounds\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1227,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/smartphones-can-cut-your-kids-sleep-layer-on-the-pounds\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/s3.amazonaws.com\\\/medill.wordpress.offload\\\/WP%20Media%20Folder%20-%20medill-reports-chicago\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/3\\\/2015\\\/02\\\/SLEEP1.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"promo\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Health and Science\",\"Winter 2015\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/smartphones-can-cut-your-kids-sleep-layer-on-the-pounds\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\\\/chicago\\\/smartphones-can-cut-your-kids-sleep-layer-on-the-pounds\\\/\",\"name\":\"Smartphones can cut your kid\u2019s sleep, layer on the pounds - 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And the source of their problems may radiate from the digital world of\u00a0their smartphones! 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