{"id":73405,"date":"2018-11-22T09:38:29","date_gmt":"2018-11-22T15:38:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/?p=73405"},"modified":"2018-11-22T09:38:29","modified_gmt":"2018-11-22T15:38:29","slug":"northwesterns-sand-creek-massacre-commemoration-honors-victims-recognizes-founders-tie-to-the-massacre","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/northwesterns-sand-creek-massacre-commemoration-honors-victims-recognizes-founders-tie-to-the-massacre\/","title":{"rendered":"Northwestern\u2019s Sand Creek Massacre Commemoration honors victims, recognizes founder’s tie to the massacre"},"content":{"rendered":"

By Katie Rice<\/strong>
\nMedill Reports<\/em><\/p>\n

Otto Braided Hair stands at the lectern, praying in the Cheyenne language. It\u2019s a prayer to \u201cfocus thoughts on the future,\u201d he says. And though the majority of the people assembled don\u2019t speak Cheyenne, the sentiment transcends language barriers. Everyone in the room undeerstands, from the people standing with heads bowed and hands clasped reverently to those sitting and silently reflecting.<\/p>\n

They gathered at Northwestern University last Saturday afternoon to commemorate the Sand Creek Massacre. Members of the Northwestern University community, the Chicago American Indian community and descendants of victims of the Colorado massacre are here in remembrance of those killed and in acknowledgement of Northwestern University\u2019s connection to the massacre itself.
\n<\/p>\n

\"SandCreek\"<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Attendees gathered in the Louis Room of Norris University Center at Northwestern University Saturday to commemorate the Sand Creek Massacre, in which over 230 Arapaho and Cheyenne people were murdered by US Army soldiers on Nov. 29, 1864. (Katie Rice\/Medill)<\/figcaption><\/figure>
\"Drummers\"<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Drummers and singers from RedLine Singers opened the commemoration event Saturday. (Katie Rice\/Medill)<\/figcaption><\/figure>
\"Attendees\"<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Dozens of people attended the Sand Creek Massacre Commemoration Saturday, including Northwestern University faculty, staff and students and members of the American Indian community in Chicago. (Katie Rice\/Medill)<\/figcaption><\/figure>
\"Tacos\"<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Attendees serve themselves \u201cIndian tacos\u201d \u2014 also known as \u201cNavajo tacos,\u201d among other names \u2014 on fry bread, an American Indian culinary staple. Fry bread is topped with pinto beans, ground beef, lettuce, cheese, and other toppings to create an \u201cIndian taco.\u201d (Katie Rice\/Medill)<\/figcaption><\/figure>
\"ForrestAlt\"<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Forrest Bruce, secretary of the board of directors for the American Indian Center of Chicago and a Northwestern University alumnus, spoke at the commemoration event: \u201cWe can\u2019t undo the harm that was done, but we can sustain this relationship and keep building so we can have a better future,\u201d he said.\n(Katie Rice\/Medill)<\/figcaption><\/figure>
\"Bennett\"<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Jabbar Bennett, associate provost and chief diversity officer at Northwestern University, said the university has \u201ca lot more to do\u201d to recognize aspects of its history and to support Cheyenne and Arapaho people. (Katie Rice\/Medill)<\/figcaption><\/figure>
\"Panel\"<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Descendants of American Indians involved in the Sand Creek Massacre shared their perspectives on the lasting impact of the massacre (from left to right: Fred Mosqueda, Karen Little Coyote and Otto Braided Hair). (Katie Rice\/Medill)<\/figcaption><\/figure>
\"Panelists\"<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Fred Mosqueda reflects on the lasting impact of the Sand Creek Massacre with other speakers who are descendants of victims – (from left to right: Gail Ridgely, Fred Mosqueda, Karen Little Coyote and Otto Braided Hair). (Katie Rice\/Medill)<\/figcaption><\/figure>
\"TobaccoAlt\"<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Volunteers hold baskets of tobacco ties, fabric sachets filled with tobacco used in prayer. At the bonfire following the event, attendees were encouraged to throw the tobacco ties into the fire as offerings of respect and remembrance (Katie Rice\/Medill)<\/figcaption><\/figure>
\"Bonfire\"<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>
After the commemoration event, attendees gathered around a bonfire to pray and remember the victims of the Sand Creek Massacre. (Katie Rice\/Medill)<\/figcaption><\/figure>
\"Pamala\"<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Pamala Silas throws tobacco from her tobacco tie into the bonfire. Silas is the associate director of community outreach and engagement at Northwestern University\u2019s Center for Native American and Indigenous Research. (Katie Rice\/Medill)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n

On Nov. 29, 1864, U.S. Army soldiers from the 1st Regiment Cavalry and the 3rd Regiment Cavalry ambushed a Cheyenne and Arapaho village near modern-day Eads, Colorado, and killed more than 230 people, according to the National Park Service. History remembers this as the Sand Creek Massacre, named for the Big Sandy Creek near where the village stood.<\/p>\n

John Evans, one of the founders of Northwestern University and th man for whom Evanston is named, was the governor of the Colorado Territory from 1862-1865. His role in the Sand Creek Massacre was scrutinized in a 2014 report published by Northwestern University<\/a> and a report published the same year by the University of Denver.<\/a><\/p>\n

Northwestern University\u2019s committee found that Evans neither helped plan the massacre nor knew of it ahead of time, while the University of Denver\u2019s committee found him \u201cseriously culpability [sic] for helping creating the circumstances that led to the Sand Creek Massacre.\u201d<\/p>\n

According to the History Channel\u2019s website,<\/a> John Evans openly encouraged violence against the American Indian populations of the eastern Colorado Territory, issuing a proclamation that white settlers should \u201ckill and destroy all…hostile Indians\u201d and creating a militia to carry out such violence.<\/p>\n

At the Sand Creek Massacre Commemoration, Jabbar Bennett, the associate provost and chief diversity officer at Northwestern University, expressed the importance of the University\u2019s recognition of its ties to the Sand Creek Massacre and support for the Cheyenne and Arapaho communities going forward.<\/p>\n

\u201cSand Creek, and John Evans\u2019 involvement in Sand Creek, are not just a part of Cheyenne and Arapaho history, but a part of Northwestern[\u2019s] and Evanston\u2019s history as well,\u201d Bennett said.<\/p>\n

The event, which fell on Nov. 17 this year, is an annual commemoration started in 2014 through initiatives by the Native American and Indigenous Student Alliance (NAISA) to get more recognition of John Evans\u2019 role in the massacre.<\/p>\n

\u201cWhen we were planning that first commemoration in 2014, I didn\u2019t foresee it becoming what it is now,\u201d said Forrest Bruce, secretary of the board of directors for the American Indian Center of Chicago and a Northwestern University alumnus.<\/p>\n

\u201cWhen I came here as a freshman, there was absolutely no talk about John Evans or Sand Creek \u2014 no recognition of that history. And that was six years ago, and now here we are. \u2026 We have an amazing group of faculty, students, staff and alumni who are committed to building that future, so let\u2019s keep growing.\u201d<\/p>\n

During the commemoration, Jasmine Gurneau, the senior program coordinator for Native American and Indigenous Initiatives in the Office of Institutional Diversity and Inclusion, introduced the short documentary \u201cOnly the Mountains and the Earth.\u201d The film featured the descendants of victims of the Sand Creek Massacre and discussed the lasting impact of the tragedy on the Cheyenne and Arapaho communities.<\/p>\n

As the film continued, a box of tissues made its way around the room, passed from person to person. Lasting sorrow echoed throughvoices as interviewees in the film recounted scenes of incredible violence. In one scene, an interviewee shared that the Denver City Hall in Denver, Colorado, prominently displayed the framed scalp of a Native person murdered in the massacre for decades afterward.<\/p>\n

After the screening, descendants of victims of the Sand Creek Massacre shared their experiences living with the Sand Creek Massacre\u2019s infamy. Otto Braided Hair (Northern Cheyenne), Karen Little Coyote (Southern Cheyenne), Fred Mosqueda (Southern Arapaho) and Gail Ridgely (Northern Arapaho) all stressed the importance of remembering those killed in the massacre and honoring their memory while learning lessons from history.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe\u2019ve got all the history behind our tribes, to say that we\u2019ve made it,\u201d Karen Little Coyote said. \u201cOur relatives were strong and believed in the same power of prayer.\u201d<\/p>\n

All speakers agreed that the Sand Creek Massacre left a lasting impact on their communities that continues to reverberate today.<\/p>\n

\u201cEvery day, Sand Creek\u2019s always on my mind,\u201d said Mosqueda.<\/p>\n

Beatriz Reyes, a lecturer in the Global Health Studies program at Northwestern University and an affiliated faculty member for the University\u2019s Center for Native American and Indigenous Research, said this year\u2019s commemoration differed from those of years past in that it had better attendance and the event was centered around the descendants.<\/p>\n

For her, the biggest takeaway from the event was the movement toward institutions recognizing their sometimes problematic roles in history and correcting those historic wrongs going forward.<\/p>\n

\u201cUniversities like Northwestern have a lot of responsibility to recognizing the history of their institutions and the land that they benefit from using for their institutions,\u201d she said. \u201cI think Northwestern is doing a great job of starting that process here.\u201d<\/p>\n

Anthony Tamez said he is part of the Native community of Chicago, and he came to the commemoration to show his support for his community.<\/p>\n

\u201c[The event is] acknowledging our history, and it\u2019s acknowledging the faults that the United States has,\u201d he said. \u201cWe can use it as a teaching moment, and we can use it as a cultural moment to learn and grow from each other.\u201d<\/p>\n

Photo at top: Fred Mosqueda reflects on the lasting impact of the Sand Creek Massacre with other speakers, all descendants of the victims – from left to right: Gail Ridgely, Fred Mosqueda, Karen Little Coyote and Otto Braided Hair). (Katie Rice\/MEDILL)<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

By Katie Rice Medill Reports Otto Braided Hair stands at the lectern, praying in the Cheyenne language. It\u2019s a prayer to \u201cfocus thoughts on the future,\u201d he says. And though the majority of the people assembled don\u2019t speak Cheyenne, the sentiment transcends language barriers. Everyone in the room undeerstands, from the people standing with heads […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":510,"featured_media":73411,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4447,28,30,675],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-73405","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fall-2018","category-general-interest","category-public-affairs","category-social-justice"],"yoast_head":"\nNorthwestern\u2019s Sand Creek Massacre Commemoration honors victims, recognizes founder's tie to the massacre - Medill Reports Chicago<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/northwesterns-sand-creek-massacre-commemoration-honors-victims-recognizes-founders-tie-to-the-massacre\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Northwestern\u2019s Sand Creek Massacre Commemoration honors victims, recognizes founder's tie to the massacre - Medill Reports Chicago\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By Katie Rice Medill Reports Otto Braided Hair stands at the lectern, praying in the Cheyenne language. 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