{"id":83828,"date":"2020-01-09T15:21:15","date_gmt":"2020-01-09T21:21:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/?p=83828"},"modified":"2020-05-14T14:55:48","modified_gmt":"2020-05-14T19:55:48","slug":"climate-science-pioneer-wallace-broecker-memorialized-at-namesake-symposium","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/climate-science-pioneer-wallace-broecker-memorialized-at-namesake-symposium\/","title":{"rendered":"Climate science pioneer Wallace Broecker memorialized at namesake symposium"},"content":{"rendered":"

By Zack Fishman<\/strong>
\nMedill Reports<\/em><\/p>\n

The locked office of the late climate scientist Wallace \u201cWally\u201d Broecker displays a wooden ship\u2019s wheel, mounted on a window-paneled wall behind his former desk. The wheel overlooks the forested campus of Columbia University\u2019s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, where Broecker conducted research for nearly 70 years. It originated from one of LDEO\u2019s first vessels used for ocean chemistry testing in the 1960s, and the choice of its current home is no accident: The captain\u2019s wheel is symbolic of Broecker’s leadership at the institution, says paleoclimatologist and LDEO professor Jerry McManus.<\/p>\n

\"Office
Broecker\u2019s former office is on the second floor of the Gary C. Comer Geochemistry Building in Palisades, New York. LDEO administration hopes to re-open its doors for continued use while preserving Broecker\u2019s memory, although it has not yet come to a decision. (Zack Fishman\/MEDILL)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Broecker, who died in February at the age of 87, made significant contributions to the scientific understanding of the oceans, climate and climate change during his long academic career, mentoring several generations of students. Born in Oak Park in 1931 as the second of five children, he received his Ph.D. in geology at Columbia and became an assistant professor there in 1959. Since then, he pioneered the use of carbon isotopes and trace compounds to date and map the oceans, as well as introducing the concept of a “global conveyor” that connects the world\u2019s oceans through heat-driven circulation. Broecker also popularized the phrase \u201cglobal warming\u201d in a 1975 paper and has been deemed the “grandfather of climate science” by many in the field.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

More than 200 researchers and family members celebrated his legacy at the Wally Broecker Symposium in late October, with many of the world\u2019s leading earth scientists in attendance. McManus led the organization of the three-day conference, which took place on the LDEO campus, an hour\u2019s drive north of Columbia’s main campus in Manhattan. Dozens of Broecker\u2019s former students and colleagues presented new research based on his findings, as well as heartfelt and entertaining stories about the late scientist.<\/p>\n

Princeton geoscientist Michael Bender opened the symposium with a summary of Broecker\u2019s decades-long career, which he said spanned dozens of research topics and many ambitious experiments. Bender said Broecker first visited LDEO for a summer job in a lab and he learned about the new technology of radiocarbon dating, or measuring isotopes of carbon to determine the age of materials. Broecker\u2019s supervisor was impressed enough to arrange the young scientist’s transfer to Columbia from Wheaton College in Wheaton, Illinois, for his senior year and asked the 22-year-old to take over the lab.<\/p>\n

An innovative Broecker would go on to use radiocarbon dating in 1958 to measure how glaciers affected the depth of a prehistoric lake in Utah. He also pioneered the use of tracking radioactive particles to study circulation in bodies of water, as he did in the 1980s when he poured radium into lakes in Ontario, Canada \u2014 with governmental permission \u2014 to follow its motion.<\/p>\n

\u201cI tried to look at Wally\u2019s work as a whole, and the scope is just completely overwhelming,\u201d said Bender, one of Broecker’s former students. \u201cWe were incredibly lucky to have the opportunity to be associated with this man and his science.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"Wallace
President Bill Clinton awards Wallace Broecker the National Award of Science in 1996. He received the award for his research on ocean circulation, the global carbon cycle and climate change.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Other researchers from numerous fields credited Broecker’s findings as foundational to their work. Geoscientist Jean Lynch-Stieglitz of the Georgia Institute of Technology said she \u201cfound Wally\u2019s fingerprints all over\u201d her research, as she used his model of the ocean \u201cconveyor belt\u201d to track how nutrients and heat circulated in the last 10,000 years. LDEO paleoclimatologist Dorothy Peteet shared the results of her and Broecker\u2019s joint investigation into the causes and timing of glacier retreats during the last ice age.<\/p>\n

Presenters also highlighted the scientist’s outspoken views on addressing climate change. Peter Schlosser, an earth scientist at Arizona State University, played a video clip of Broecker’s final address to the scientific community about necessary actions to limit global warming. From his hospital bed in 2018, Broecker said more drastic climate mitigation measures must be considered, such as capturing carbon dioxide from the air or injecting cooling aerosols into the atmosphere. The address was first played at the Planetary Management Symposium, held last year at Arizona State.<\/p>\n

“If we are going to prevent the planet from warming up another couple degrees,” Broecker said, “we’re going to have to go to geoengineering.”<\/p>\n

Praise of Broecker\u2019s personal character pervaded the symposium with warm testimonies to his values and quirks. He was an \u201cintellectual snow plow\u201d who tackled problems with rigor and confidence, said Princeton geophysicist Daniel Sigman. His passion sometimes overflowed into what LDEO oceanographer Mark Cane called \u201cstrategic and effective\u201d tantrums, often digging in his heels against administration and correcting guest speakers in his own class. Broecker was also a lifelong prankster, with stories of his tomfoolery tracing back to high school, when he rarely got caught. More recently, he had a staff member take his place during a video conference and mime the words Broecker was saying off-camera. (He didn\u2019t get away with that one.)<\/p>\n

\"Jerry
Jerry McManus gives a speech during the Wally Broecker Symposium. (Zack Fishman\/MEDILL)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u201cHe had such a human heart,\u201d McManus said, and fellow LDEO faculty member William Ryan called Broecker a “master of kindness.” Numerous attendees said he was an important influence in determining their career path as someone who often opened doors of opportunity. Ahbijit Sanyal, a director at Johnson & Johnson and another former student, said his teacher was “like a father” to him and once used his influence to help Sanyal’s wife immigrate to the U.S.<\/p>\n

Yet more often, Broecker played down his status as a prolific scientist, and one scientist said he didn’t care about “personal wealth” or “glory.” He seemingly disliked his fame for popularizing the phrase \u201cglobal warming\u201d \u2014 he once offered his students $250 to find an example of its use before his landmark 1975 paper, though none were successful.<\/p>\n

But Broecker paid a lot of attention to young scientists and their success. Encouragement and affirmation goes a long way for junior scientists, said Mayaan Yehudai, a Ph.D. student at LDEO and previously a teaching assistant for two of Broecker\u2019s classes.<\/p>\n

\u201cWhen you\u2019re a student, you don\u2019t always know when you know that you’re qualified,\u201d Yehudai said. \u201cSo, to have somebody like that tell me that I’m qualified or to believe in me is very, very meaningful.\u201d<\/p>\n

After the first full day of presentations, the visitors attended a ballroom dinner and listened to several heartfelt speeches from Broecker’s family and friends, including several senior members of LDEO. Filmmaker Anna Keyes presented a video centered around an interview with Broecker, her grandfather. His two younger sisters, Bonnie Chapin and Judy Revekop, told stories of growing up with a high-energy and caring Wally.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Broecker, then 22, poses for his student ID as he joined the Columbia University geology department in 1953. (Courtesy of LDEO)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Broecker didn\u2019t want a memorial, so the symposium was the largest gathering his family has attended in his memory, Revekop said. Nevertheless, she believes he would have appreciated the event.<\/p>\n

\u201cI\u2019m sure he would love to be a little something sitting on a corner, watching and enjoying,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n

The dinner also featured an outpouring of musical talent. Geophysicist Richard Alley of Pennsylvania State University wrote and performed a song about his colleague\u2019s career on a prerecorded video, drawing laughs from the attendees. Tom Chapin, a brother-in-law of Broecker and Grammy-winning folk singer, also played an original song about the late scientist\u2019s research. His daughters, Abigail and Lily Chapin, later joined him to sing \u2014 this time, less about science and more on spiritual unity.<\/p>\n

Broecker’s daughter Cynthia Kennedy, who attended the dinner and livestreamed the seminar, said the symposium was \u201cfabulous\u201d and praised the community of scientists it brought together.<\/p>\n

\u201cWhat they did for him was as much as he gave to them, because that\u2019s what kept him going: their curious minds and their youth and their energy,\u201d Kennedy said. \u201cHe fed on that, and that\u2019s what made him who he was.\u201d<\/p>\n

Read more about Wally Broecker and his partnership with late philanthropist Gary Comer to launch a national initiative of climate research fellowships<\/a> that Comer funded. The Comer Family Foundation continues to support the climate change research program. <\/em><\/p>\n

<\/a>\"\"<\/a>
Tom Chapin (left) and his daughters Lily Chapin (center) and Abigail Chapin (right) perform during the symposium ballroom dinner. Tom has been performing since the 1970s and won three Grammys for Best Spoken Word Album For Children. Lily and Abigail have created music as the Chapin Sisters since 2005. (Zack Fishman\/MEDILL)<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/a>\"\"<\/a>
Geoengineering professor Juerg Matter, from the University of Southampton in England, speaks about capturing atmospheric carbon dioxide and storing it underground to address climate change. Capturing CO2 directly from the air was one of Broecker\u2019s proposed solutions to combat climate change. (Zack Fishman\/MEDILL)<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/a>\"\"<\/a>
Princeton Professor Michael Bender explains the cluttered timeline of the research topics Broecker pursued over his career. (Zack Fishman\/MEDILL)<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/a>\"\"<\/a>
A ballroom of researchers and family members listens to Michael Bender read an old letter written by Broecker's late brother Howard. (Zack Fishman\/MEDILL)<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/a>\"\"<\/a>
Broecker's sisters, Judy Revekop (left) and Bonnie Chapin (right) share memories of growing up with Broecker at the ballroom dinner.<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n

Photo at top: Wallace Broecker in 2018 at Leeward Farms in Casper, Wyoming. (Jasmin Shah\/Comer Family Foundation)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

By Zack Fishman Medill Reports The locked office of the late climate scientist Wallace \u201cWally\u201d Broecker displays a wooden ship\u2019s wheel, mounted on a window-paneled wall behind his former desk. The wheel overlooks the forested campus of Columbia University\u2019s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, where Broecker conducted research for nearly 70 years. It originated from one of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":600,"featured_media":83829,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4780,29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-83828","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fall-2019","category-health-and-science"],"yoast_head":"\nClimate science pioneer Wallace Broecker memorialized at namesake symposium - Medill Reports Chicago<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/news.medill.northwestern.edu\/chicago\/climate-science-pioneer-wallace-broecker-memorialized-at-namesake-symposium\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Climate science pioneer Wallace Broecker memorialized at namesake symposium - Medill Reports Chicago\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By Zack Fishman Medill Reports The locked office of the late climate scientist Wallace \u201cWally\u201d Broecker displays a wooden ship\u2019s wheel, mounted on a window-paneled wall behind his former desk. The wheel overlooks the forested campus of Columbia University\u2019s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, where Broecker conducted research for nearly 70 years. 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